Upcoming Meetings

The Office of Science and Technology published two notices in today's Federal Register that should be of interest to the Nanotechnology community. The National Nanotechnology Coordination Office will be holding a public meeting on 11/16/2009 from 7PM-8:30PM at the Holiday Inn Rosslyn at Key Bridge in Arlington. The  "Nanomaterials and the Environment & Instrumentation, Metrology, and Analytical Methods Workshop: Nanotechnology Public Primer Meeting". This meeting will provide general background information about nanotechnology and Federal nanotechnology research and development efforts.  Space is limited and pre-registration is required. For more information on this meeting, please read the Federal Register Notice.

The National Nanotechnology Coordination Office is also holding a workshop at the Holiday Inn Rosslyn at Key Bridge on 11/17-18/2009, from 8:30AM - 5:30PM on the 17th and from 8:30AM - 3:30PM on the 18th. This workshop will be an open forum to "discuss the state-of-the-art of the science related to environmental, health, and safety aspects of nanomaterials in two areas: human health and instrumentation and metrology". As with the meeting on the 16th, space is limited and pre-registration is required. For more information on this meeting, including how to present 3-5 minutes of public comments, please see the Federal Register notice. A list of speakers and a provisional agenda are also available at the National Nanotechnology Initiative website.

Selected Short Subjects

Prize Winners

The Foresight Institute recently announced that Dr. Oscar Custance of the National Institute for Materials Science in Japan and Professors Yoshiaki Sugimoto and Masayuki Abe of Osaka University, are the co-winners of the Feynman Prize for Experimental Work in Nanotechnology. The Feynman Prize was named after Richard Feynman and are awarded to researchers whose work "has most advanced the field toward the achievement of Feynman's vision for Nanotechnology". The prizes will be awarded in January 2010.

Dr Elena Shevchenko, of the Argonne National Laboratory, has been selected by Technology Review as one of the top 35 innovators under the age of 35. Dr. Shevchenko was cited for her work developing nanocrystals that could be used in the production of more efficient solar cells, more powerful magnets and faster processing computers.

Carbon Nanotubes and Buses of the Future

Recently at American University in DC Sinautec Automotive Technologies of Arlington Virginia presented a "Zero Carbon Ultracapacitor Bus" to the public. The electric powered buses use a carbon nanotube enhanced ultracapacitor to store more electricity, decreasing the time for recharging and increasing the distance the bus can travel from one stop to another. Aside from being less expensive than diesel fueled buses, Dan Ye, the executive director of Sinautec, estimated that the use of such buses would reduce carbon emissions by 70%. the buses are a common sight in cities in the Peoples Republic of China and Sinautec Automotive Technologies is partnering with scientists at MIT and the Stella Group LTD to produce a version of the bus for use in DC and other cities. For more on the "Zero Carbon Ultracapcitor Bus" please take a look at Sinautec's website.

 

Germany and Nanotechnology

 Two articles have been published in the last few days on the English language websites of Der Spiegel ("Is Nanotechnology Dangerous?") and Deutsche-Welle ("Germany warns over dangers of nanotechnology"), both focusing on reaction to the posting of a background paper, "Nanotechnology for Humans and the Environment: Increasing Chances, Minimizing Risks" , to the German Federal Environment Agency website; the background paper is an updated version of a similar background paper published by the agency in August 2006, "Nanotechnology: Opportunities and Risks for Humans and the Environment".  The new background paper is only available in German.

According to the two articles, the background paper, while noting that nanotechnology and nanomaterials may potentially pose as yet not fully understood or studied risks to the environment and human health, they may also have the potential to be "a major factor in boosting the German economy as the country fights its way out of the current recession". The background paper calls for the German Federal government to adopt measures that are also being considered by other EU member states:  a central registry for products containing nanoparticles or nanomaterials, clearly understandable labels informing consumers that the product contain nanomaterials or nanoparticles and for further research on potential health risks that nanomaterials or nanoparticles may or may not pose.The background paper, according to Rene Zimmer of the Independent Institute for Environmental Concerns, "is more or less a compilation of issues (the Federal Environment Agency) had previously raised" and "really isn't new".

German newspapers, however, apparently seized onto the negative aspects of the background paper and ran headlines such as "Nanotechnology can make you sick" and "First official warning in Germany", more the result of sensationalistic journalism usually found in  such note worthy periodicals as the Weekly World News than of calm, unbiased analysis and comment. While some articles called for Germany to abandon nanotechnology altogether, as Der Speigel points out, in the decade from 1994 to 2004, nanoprojects in Germany received 120 million euros (210,279,987 USD) in funding. Considering that level of investment, and that "the new government currently being formed between Angela Merkel's Conservatives and the business-friendly Free Democrats are considering making their support for the nascent industry a priority in the next administration", it's highly unlikely that Germany will walk away from nanoindustry.

Urban Wiesing, a professor at Tuebingen University, is quoted in "Germany  warns over dangers of nanotechnology" as stating that :

"I strongly believe that many of the risks associated with nanotechnology have at least in part been encountered in other technologies as well," he told Deutsche Welle. "That's why I'm confident that regulations can be found to ensure that these risks can be minimized in the interests of the users of nano products."

"I don't have the feeling that we're neglecting the risk issues," said researcher Zimmer. "They are being taken very seriously." ("Is Nanotechnology Dangerous?")

 

Survey Says

In September of this year Hart Research Associates conducted a national survey and held focus groups to determine levels of public awareness of nanotechnology and synthetic biology, both supported by and on behalf of the Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies of the Woodrow Wilson Research Center in DC. The results of the survey, "Nanotechnology, Synthetic Biology and Public Opinion: A Report of Findings", was released on September 23, 2009. As our focus here is nanotechnology, we'll leave the results relating to synthetic biology alone for now.

The survey found that 31% of those surveyed had heard either a little or nothing at all about nanotechnology. That 37% figure is a significant change from the 42% who had heard or read little or nothing about nanotechnology in 2006, when the survey was first performed. 31% had heard or read something a little more in depth, virtually unchanged from the results in 2006, when it stood at 30%.

A further breakdown of the 31% who had some knowledge of nanotechnology found the following:

42% of this group were males. Of this segment, 48% were under 50 years of age, 45% were college graduates, and 46% had household incomes above $75K. Collectively, this creates a portrait of those who have some knowledge of nanotech as male, relatively young, educated and affluent.

Of those who had either heard or read little or nothing, a different portrait emerges:

20% were female, 13% had high school educations or less, 17% had annual household incomes below $30K and 15% were African Americans.

As the survey shows, public awareness (or lack of awareness) of nantechnology has changed very little over time from 2006 until the present. This might be explained by public attention being diverted by such events as the  2006 and 2008 Congressional and Presidential elections respectively, the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, the near collapse of the economy, lack of in depth media coverage of nanotechnology, aside from when events such as the deaths in the People's Republic of China occur, etc. Regrettably, the study doesnot explore the reasons for the lack of change from 2006 to 2008, devoting more space and time to sounding the depths of public reaction to and awareness of synthetic biology. This is something that future surveys may want to look into.

 

Nanosafety in Uncertain Times

The International Association of Nanotechnology (IANT), a non-profit organization established with the goals of fostering research and business development in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, is sponsoring a talk and discussion on "Nanosafety in Uncertain Times"  on October 21, from 5:30PM -7:30 PM in San Jose California. The featured speaker will be John Monica Jr, a partner in Porter Wright Morris & Arthur's DC office. The focus of the evening's talk will be on AB-289, passed by the California State legislature during the 2005-2006 session and chaptered as Chapter 699. Chapter 699 added sections 57018, 57019, and 57020 to California's Health and Safety Code. While the talk and discussion are geared towards the CEOs, risk management personnel, compliance officers and safety officers of nanotech companies, anyone who wants to find out more about nanotech regulation is welcome to attend.  To register for this event, please go here.

New Article: Examples of Recent EPA Regulation of Nanoscale Materials Under the Toxic Substances Control Act

Nanotechnology Law & Business just published our new article on the EPA's recent treatment of nanoscale materials under the Toxic Substances Control Act.  An abstract for the article is below and you can find a copy of the article itself here.

Abstract: This article provides a summary of recent (2008-2009) regulatory efforts by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under the Toxic Substances Control Act concerning nanoscale materials. These efforts include entering into two consent orders with a manufacturer of carbon nanotubes; issuing four significant new use rules for two siloxane-based nanoparticles and two carbon nanotubes (and then withdrawing the latter two); intimating that new testing and data collection rules will be implemented for certain nanoscale materials; and proposing and/or requiring acute toxicity rat inhalation testing regimes in certain instances. The authors explain these developments in detail and then provide some initial strategic and legal considerations for businesses attempting to navigate this emerging regulatory thicket.

The Uncertain Environment of Nanotech

The Naturalproductinsider.com site recently published an interesting article by Jo Ann Shatkin, "Assessing the Benefits and Risks of Nanotechnology" Despite that title, the article focuses on the risks of nanotechnology due to a lack of knowledge about "the ultimate pathway and fate of (nanoparticles) in the body, and in the environment."

Shatkin notes that "Innovation is inherently risky, and the business risk increases with novel technologies"; that risk becomes greater in an age of "instant and constant information". The perception by the general public that nanomaterials, particularly those used in food storage, nutritional supplements, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics are dangerous or even life threatening is multiplied by the repetition of misinformation by both traditional media and internet websites. As many media critics have long noted, a lie repeated often enough becomes the "truth".

Messages that nanoindustry is selling dangerous or unsafe products need to be met by "proactive communications by industries about their efforts to evaluate product safety, protect consumers and the environment, and comply with existing laws. Beyond this, producer responsibility includes early stage product safety assessments that go beyond compliance and consider potential health and environmental impacts across the product lifecycle. New approaches to risk assessment help organizations to structure and communicate these efforts to protect workers, consumers and the environment."

Although Dr. Shatkin doesnot address it in this article, nanoindustry could learn from the experiences of other industries, such as pharmaceuticals, tobacco, and automobiles by joining forces and support the creation of  a trade group that would act as the industry's spokesperson and be able to respond to reports and studies, such as the one published earlier in July regarding the deaths in China. While many have noted that the study was seriously flawed, all that the general public has heard or read and reacted to is that people died. As the article notes, "people are easily influenced by vocal opponents", particularly when no one is answering back with credible information.

France debates Nanotech

The French Commission of Public Debates (CPDP) launches a nationwide series of pubic debates on nanotechnology, beginning in Strasbourg Tuesday 10/13/2009 and ending in Paris on 02/23/2010. Each debate will focus on a different theme; the initial debate in Strasbourg will focus on EU regulation of nanotechnology, while the final Paris debate will focus on ethics and governance. While there are themes for each debate, the debates are not going to be rigidly tied to the theme and are intended to be broad and wide ranging discussions.

Jean Bergougnoux, the President of the CDPD, has been quoted as saying that the purpose of the debates is to

inform the public on the complex problems related to nanotechnology, allow the public to put forward their concerns and expectations, and make decision makers aware of their responsibilities

These debates, along with the earlier public workshops in Australia and New Zealand that have been discussed here earlier this year, appear to be the latest in a series of international efforts to increase public awareness of the potential benefits of nanotechnology and to gage the extent of public support for nanotechnology and nanoindustry and to lessen the public's fears of nanotechnology.

More information is available on the debate website.

Nanosilver and the FIFRA Scientific Advisory Panel Public Meeting

Earlier today, the Federal Register carried a notice regarding the 4 day consultation meeting of the FIFRA Scientific Advisory Panel concerning the assessment of hazard and exposure associated with nanosilver and other nanometals in pesticides, previously announced in the FR for September 16, 2009 and discussed previously here. Today's announcement notes a change in the time for the meetings. The consultation meeting will take place from 1:30-5PM on Nov. 3, 2009. Wednesday Nov. 5 - Friday, Nov. 6, 2009, will still take place from 8:30AM - 5PM. For further information on submitting filings, please see the notice.

 

The "Not Nano" Sunscreen

Our friends at AZoNano (www.AZoNano.com) recently sent us this full page, color, sunscreen advertisement from the September 16, 2009 Weekend Australian Magazine.  The sunscreen in question, called "Invisible Zinc," claims to use an invisible film of zinc oxide to provide UVA and UVB skin protection to its users.  Our readers will quickly note the prominent disclaimer appearing in the upper right hand corner of the page -- "*Micronised (Not Nano)."  It's the first I've seen.  If you know of others, please forward them to me if you get a chance.

It appears that the anti-nano sunscreen publicity occurring over the past few years is now taking root in demonstrable ways.

Author's note:  Technology is truly decreasing the size of our world.  AZoNano's CEO -- Dr. Ian Birkby -- found this "Invisible Zinc" advertisement in Australia where he lives, and then wrote about it on Twitter.  I picked up his tweet and asked for a copy, which he kindly emailed to me.  Now nanolawreport readers from various countries can also read about the advertisement.  Dr. Birkby is @Birkers on Twitter, while I am @nanolaw.  Hope to hear from you soon.

Immortality and Nanotech

"We are the Borg. . . . Resistance is futile." The Borg, "The Best of Both Worlds", Pt. 1 ST:TNG

In a recent article in the U.K. newpaper, The Sun (this is the newspaper whose main contribution to journalism was the page 3 girl), and in an interview in Computerworld, author, inventor, and futurist Ray Kurzweil advanced his theory that by the year 2024, using a combination of nanotechnology and a greater understanding of human genetics, mankind

. . . will have the means to reprogramme our bodies' stone-age software so we can halt, then reverse, ageing. Then nano-technology will let us live for ever.  ("Why in 2029 we'll start living forever")

"It's radical life extension," Kurzweil said. "The full realization of nanobots will basically eliminate biological disease and aging. I think we'll see widespread use in 20 years of [nanotech] devices that perform certain functions for us. In 30 or 40 years, we will overcome disease and aging. The nanobots will scout out organs and cells that need repairs and simply fix them. It will lead to profound extensions of our health and longevity." ("Nanotech could make humans immortal by 2040, futurist says")

In both the Sun article and the Computerworld interview, Mr. Kurzweil predicts that nanobots will replace red blood cells, since the nanobots will work with far greater efficency, our mental capacities will expand, we'll be able to enter virtual reality at any time and enjoy (?) virtual sex, and "hologram like figures will pop up in our brain to explain what is happening".

Great, just what we need, the return of Clippy to give us advice. "It looks like you're in a moral quandry. Would you like help?"

In the Computerworld interview, Mr. Kurzweil claims that none of these changes will take away our humanity:

Kurzweil also maintains that adding microscopic machines to our bodies won't make us any less human than we are today or were 500 years ago.

"The definition of human is that we are the species that goes beyond our limitations and changes who we are," he said. "If that wasn't the case, you and I wouldn't be around because at one point life expectancy was 23. We've extended ourselves in many ways. This is an extension of who we are. Ever since we picked up a stick to reach a higher branch, we've extended who we are through tools. It's the nature of human beings to change who we are."

But, in his Sun article, there is a sentence that both contradicts this and, frankly, sends cold shivers up the spine:

So we can look forward to a world where humans become cyborgs, with artificial limbs and organs.

"I like my species the way it is" Worf, "The Best of Both Worlds", Pt. 2 ST. TNG

Mr. Kurzweil may be a brillant man, but his vision of the future of humanity, populated by immortal cyborgs with nanobots for blood sounds more like a vision of Dystopia than Utopia, more nightmare realized than dream fulfilled.

While there is no doubt that nanotechnology will come to play a larger role in the medical field - the use of nanoparticles to deliver medications in cancer treatments, for example - one doubts that nanobots will come to replace red blood cells or that we'll really want to shut ourselves off from others and enter a virtual reality world (let alone having virtual sex).

Article like the one in the Sun and interviews such as the one in Computerworld don't help nanotechnology or nanoindustry de accepted by the general public, who will read them and assign nanotech to the realm of really bad science fiction or have their fears of mankind becoming either the Borg or Cybermen reinforced.

Mr. Kurzweil's vision of the future is not one that I think most of us would ever find attractive and not one that most of us would opt for.

"Resistance is not futile?" Hugh, "I Borg", ST: TNG

New Contributing Editor for InterNano

John Monica, a partner in the DC office of Porter Wright   and frequent contibutor to this blog,  was announced as a new Contibuting Editor for Environmental, Health and Safety and Regulation for InterNano, a project of the National Nanomanufacturing Network.

As Contibuting Editor, John will be tasked with informing InterNano readers about the latest in EHS and regulatory developments, an area which will be of concern for nanomanufacturers and others in the nanotechnology field.

Congratulations John.